How Car Cooling Systems Work
汽车冷却系统是如何工作的
Although gasoline engines have improved a lot, they are still not very efficient at turning chemical energy into mechanical power. Most of the energy in the gasoline (perhaps 70%) is converted into heat, and it is the job of the cooling system to take care of that heat. The primary job of the cooling system is to keep the engine from overheating by transferring this heat to the air, but the cooling system also has several other important jobs.
Although gasoline engines have improved a lot, they are still not very efficient at turning chemical energy into mechanical power. Most of the energy in the gasoline (perhaps 70%) is converted into heat, and it is the job of the cooling system to take care of that heat. The primary job of the cooling system is to keep the engine from overheating by transferring this heat to the air, but the cooling system also has several other important jobs.
虽然汽油发动机改善了很多，但仍然不能非常有效地把化学能转 化成机械能。汽油的大部分能量（大约是70％） 被转化成热量，所以冷却系统的工作是处理这些热量。冷却系统的主要工作是把这些热量转移到空气以防止发动机过热，但冷却系统也有一些其他的重要工作。
The engine in your car runs best at a fairly high temperature. When the engine is cold, components wear out faster, and the engine is less efficient and emits more pollution. So another important job of the cooling system is to allow the engine to heat up as quickly as possible, and then to keep the engine at a constant temperature.
您汽车的发动机在适当的温度运行最好。当发动机冷时，零件磨 损较快，发动机效率较低和排放更多污染。因此，冷却系统的另一个重要任务是让发动机温度尽快升高，然后使发动机温度保持恒定。
Fan
风扇
Like the thermostat, the cooling fan has to be controlled so that it allows the engine to maintain a constant temperature.
就像保持恒温一样，冷却风扇已被控制，以便它使引擎保持恒 温。
Front-wheel drive cars have electric fans because the engine is usually mounted transversely, meaning the output of the engine points toward the side of the car. The fans are controlled either with a thermostatic switch or by the engine computer, and they turn on when the temperature of the coolant goes above a set point. They turn back off when the temperature drops below that point.
前轮驱动汽车使用电风扇，因为发动机通常是横置的，这意味着 发动机的输出功率指向车的侧面。风扇是被恒温开关或发动机电脑控制的，当冷却液温度高于设定点时风扇就运转，当温度下降到低于设定点时风扇就关闭。
Rear-wheel drive cars with longitudinal engines usually have engine~driven cooling fans. These fans have a thermostatically controlled viscous clutch. This clutch is positioned at the hub of the fan, in the airflow coming through the radiator. This special viscous clutch is much like the viscous coupling sometimes found in all-wheel drive cars.
纵置发动机的后轮驱动汽车通常使用发动机由驱动的冷却风扇。 这些风扇带有被温度控制的粘性离合器。这个离合器放在风扇的中心和通过散热器来的气流之中。这个特殊的粘性离合器很像有时在全轮驱动汽车发现到的粘性连接器。
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